3.15
SHOULDER CONSTRUCTION
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NOTE: Shoulder construction will form a part of the
work to be performed under this section of the
specifications except when shoulder construction is
specified under the subbase, base-course, wearing
course, or pavement sections of the specifications
and is designated in the contract to be performed
and paid for under one of these sections.
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Shoulders shall be constructed of satisfactory excavated or borrow material
or as otherwise shown or specified. Shoulders shall be constructed as soon
as possible after adjacent paving is complete, but in the case of rigid
pavements, shoulders shall not be constructed until permission of the
Contracting Officer has been obtained. The entire shoulder area shall be
compacted to at least the percentage of maximum density as specified in
paragraph SUBGRADE PREPARATION above, for specific ranges of depth below
the surface of the shoulder. Compaction shall be accomplished by
sheepsfoot rollers, pneumatic-tired rollers, steel-wheeled rollers,
vibratory compactors, or other approved equipment. Shoulder construction
shall be done in proper sequence in such a manner that adjacent ditches
will be drained effectively and that no damage of any kind is done to the
adjacent completed pavement. The completed shoulders shall be true to
alignment and grade and shaped to drain in conformity with the cross
section shown.
3.16
FINISHING
The surface of excavations, embankments, and subgrades shall be finished to
a smooth and compact surface in accordance with the lines, grades, and
cross sections or elevations shown. The degree of finish for graded areas
shall be within 30 mm 0.1 foot of the grades and elevations indicated
except that the degree of finish for subgrades shall be specified in
paragraph SUBGRADE PREPARATION. Gutters and ditches shall be finished in a
manner that will result in effective drainage. The surface of areas to be
turfed shall be finished to a smoothness suitable for the application of
turfing materials. Settlement or washing that occurs in graded, topsoiled,
or backfilled areas prior to acceptance of the work, shall be repaired and
grades re-established to the required elevations and slopes.
3.16.1
Subgrade and Embankments
During construction, embankments and excavations shall be kept shaped and
drained. Ditches and drains along subgrade shall be maintained to drain
effectively at all times. The finished subgrade shall not be disturbed by
traffic or other operation and shall be protected and maintained by the
Contractor in a satisfactory condition until ballast, subbase, base, or
pavement is placed. The storage or stockpiling of materials on the
finished subgrade will not be permitted. No subbase, base course, ballast,
or pavement shall be laid until the subgrade has been checked and approved,
and in no case shall subbase, base, surfacing, pavement, or ballast be
placed on a muddy, spongy, or frozen subgrade.
3.16.2
Capillary Water Barrier
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NOTE: The compacted thickness of capillary water
SECTION 02300
Page 42
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